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Basic Question 7 of 7
GIPS standards require that ______
II. unrealized gains should not be used in the calculation of portfolio returns.
III. actual trading expenses should be deduced when calculating returns.
I. portfolio valuations must be based on book values.
II. unrealized gains should not be used in the calculation of portfolio returns.
III. actual trading expenses should be deduced when calculating returns.
User Contributed Comments 2
| User | Comment |
|---|---|
| omya | portfolio valuations should be based on market values. realised n unrealised loss n gains both should be included. only actual trading expenses should be deducted. |
| tybe0012 | the reduction of trading expenses provides a clearer picture of the actual performance of a portfolio |
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Learning Outcome Statements
describe the key concepts of the GIPS Standards for Firms
CFA® 2025 Level I Curriculum, Volume 6, Module 4.